Future Time Clauses

Future Time Clauses                                                 

level5.podomatic.com  document: 5-56int020502-1

A clause has a subject + verb. A future time clause has a time expression before the subject and verb. In the following sentence, the future time clause is underlined.  The time expression is before.  The other clause (he will turn off the light) is the main clause.

1.  Before he leaves, he will turn off the light.

     future time clause       main clause

Some common time expressions are:

     before                as soon as   (immediately after, 一…就, tan pronto como, как только)

     after                  until            (在…以前, 直到…才, hasta que, пока не )

     when                      by the time   (到…的时候, 到那时, cuando, к тому времени, когда)

You can combine a future time clause and a main clause to make one sentence. When the future time clause comes at the beginning, you need to put a comma after it. When the future time clause comes second (after the main clause), you don't use a comma.

2.   After I talk to him, I will call you. 

I will call you after I talk to him. (no comma)

3.   As soon as she gets here, we will begin to eat.         

We will begin to eat as soon as she gets here. (no comma)

4.   When he comes back from Iraq, they are going to get married.      

They are going to get married  when he comes back from Iraq. (no comma)

                                                                               

In the sentences above, notice that the verb in the future time clause is in present tense form, but it has future meaning. The verb in the main clause is usually in the future tense, and it uses will or be going to + base form.

Below, we combine two clauses into one sentence by inserting a time expression at the beginning of one of the clauses. The verb form after the time word changes to present, even though ( 尽 管 , aunque, хотя) the meaning is future.

5.     He will graduate.      He will look for a job. (when)

6.     When he graduates,           he will look for a job.

                         ^{present form                 future form}

                                         ^{future meaning              future meaning}

7.     She will pay her PG&E bill.        She will deposit some money in her account. (after)

8.     After she deposits some money in her account, she will pay her PG&E bill.       ^{present form                                                                                              future form}

                                           ^{future meaning                                                                                         future meaning}

Wh- Questions in the Predicate: Where is J. studying English?

Student A

1) Ask me a yes/no question. 

2) Listen to the question word(s). 

3) Then ask me a wh- question.  

A. YOU:                   
John is studying English at the Downtown Campus.

1. YOUR PARTNER:     
 Is John studying English at the Downtown Campus?

2. YOU:                   
Where?

3. YOUR PARTNER:     
Where is John studying English?

B. YOU:                  
He’s in Mr. Trego’s class.

1. YOUR PARTNER:     
Is he in Mr. Trego's class?

2. YOU:                  
Whose* class?              *谁 的 , de quién

3. YOUR PARTNER:      
Whose class is he in?

C. YOU:                  
His second class starts at 10:00.
1. YOUR PARTNER:              
Does his second class start at 10:00?

2. YOU:                   
What time?

3. YOUR PARTNER:      
What time does his second class start?

D. YOU:                  John can speak a little English.

1. YOUR PARTNER:     Can John speak a little English?

2. YOU:                  How much English?

3. YOUR PARTNER:     How much English can John speak?

Student B

1) Ask me a yes/no question.  2) Listen to the question word(s).  3) Then ask me a wh- question.  

E. YOU:                  
He studied English for a year in China.

1. YOUR PARTNER:     
Did he study English for a year in China?

2. YOU:                   
How long?

3. YOUR PARTNER:      
How long did he study English (for) in China? (You don't need to say for.)

F.  YOU:                   
John works in a Mexican restaurant.

1.  YOUR PARTNER:      
Does John work in a Mexican restaurant?

2.  YOU:                   
What kind of restaurant?

3.  YOUR PARTNER:      
What kind of restaurant does John work in?

G. YOU:                   
He wants to improve his English so he can be a waiter.

1.  YOUR PARTNER:   
Does he want to improve his English so* he can be a waiter? * 为 的 是, a fin de que

2.  YOU:    
Why?              

3.    YOUR PARTNER:   
Why does he want to improve his English?

H.   YOU:    
He plays soccer in his spare time.

1.  YOUR PARTNER:   
Does he play soccer in his spare time?

2.  YOU:    
Which sport?

3.  YOUR PARTNER:              
Which sport does he play in his spare time?

Simple Past A-G: What's the matter? Aren't you feeling well?

A-G Fill in the blanks with simple past tense verbs. level5.podomatic.com  document: 5-5032109-6

1.    a.    What’s the matter? Aren’t you feeling well?

       b.    No, I’m not. I had lunch with Mary yesterday, and I think she __________ me her cold!  She has been sick for a week.

2.    She took out her paper and pencil. Then she __________ a picture of the house and garden.

3.    a.    He’s feeling better, isn’t he?

       b.    Yes, he __________ everything on his plate.

4.    He slipped (滑倒了, se resbalado, оскользнуться, ينزلق) on the ice and __________ down, but he didn’t hurt himself.

5.    a.    You _________ down to L.A., didn’t you?

       b.    That’s right. We took United Airlines.

6.    a.    Excuse me, do you have my test?

       b.    Yes. Why?

       a.    I think I __________ to write my name on it.

7.    When she woke up, she __________ very sick, so she didn’t go to work.

8.    My grandfather __________ the Germans in World War II. He was a soldier in Russia.

9.    a.    Did you take Muni to work this morning?

       b.    No, I __________ my car. 

10.  After dinner, she __________ the dishes.

11.  a.    Where did you grow up?

       b.    I __________ up in northern Idaho, and I lived there until I was 18. What about you?

12.  He lost his wallet, but he __________ it later. It was between the cushions in the sofa.

13.  My arm is sore because I __________ a flu shot yesterday. 

14.  After work, he __________ to the bank to deposit his check.

1. gave

2. drew

3. ate

4. fell

5. flew

6. forgot

7. felt

8. fought

9. drove

10. did

11. grew

12. found

13. got

14. went